Integrated and short-term loudness
Integrated LUFS describes average perceived loudness over a measured programme, while short-term readings show loudness over a shorter window. True peak estimates inter-sample peaks that ordinary sample peak readings may miss.
These measurements answer different questions. Use them to understand consistency and potential peak issues, not as a substitute for listening.
Streaming normalisation is not a mastering target
Some services adjust playback level to make tracks more consistent in loudness. Their behaviour and policies can change, and normalisation does not mean every master should target one universal value.
A very loud master may be turned down during playback while retaining the distortion or reduced dynamics caused by limiting. Make the track sound balanced first.
Choose dynamics for the music
A dense, aggressive beat and a spacious cinematic instrumental may benefit from different dynamic ranges. Check transient impact, low-end control and listening fatigue.
Compare at matched loudness and review the master on different systems. Use platform specifications when a client or distributor provides explicit delivery requirements.